Blood culture negative endocarditis | IJGM - Dove Medical Press
Introduction Infectious endocarditis is one of the most serious and potentially fatal diseases. For the diagnosis of infectious endocarditis, the cornerstone method currently involves culture-based techniques. However, blood culture-negative endocarditis, which constitutes up to 20% of all infective endocarditis cases, poses a significant clinical challenge. 1,2 Therefore, a lot of efforts have been made to develop non-culture-based diagnostics. 3,4 It is critical to identify the specific underlying microbial etiology in blood culture-negative endocarditis in order to refine the regimen of empirical antibiotics. 5 Haemophilus aphrophilus, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens , and Kingella kingae , known collectively as the HACEK group, were historically the most prevalent pathogens in blood culture-negative endocarditis; however, modern blood culture can identify the aforementioned organism in at least five days of incubation. 6,7...