Asymptomatic malaria infection, associated factors and accuracy of ... - Malaria Journal

  • WHO. World Malaria Report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021.

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO. World Malaria Report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Health. Routine District Health Information Management System, Uganda. 2020.

  • NMCP. Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS). Kampala, Uganda, 2019.

  • NMCP. Uganda National Malaria Control Reduction Strategy. Kampala, Uganda,

  • NMCP: Uganda Malaria Control Policy. Kampala, Uganda, 2011.

  • MIS. Uganda Malaria Indicator Survey, 2014–2015. Kampala, Uganda, 2014.

  • White NJ. Anaemia and malaria. Malar J. 2018;17:371.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakwe N, Bigoga J, Ngondi J, Njeambosay B, Esemu L, Kouambeng C, et al. Relationship between malaria, anaemia, nutritional and socio-economic status amongst under-ten children, in the North Region of Cameroon: a cross-sectional assessment. PLoS ONE. 2019;14: e0218442.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Katrak S, Day N, Ssemmondo E, Kwarisiima D, Midekisa A, Greenhouse B, et al. Community-wide prevalence of malaria parasitemia in HIV-infected and uninfected populations in a high-transmission setting in Uganda. J Infect Dis. 2016;213:1971–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pizzitutti F, Mena CF, Feingold B, Pan WK. Modeling asymptomatic infections and work-related human circulation as drivers of unstable malaria transmission in low-prevalence areas: a study in the Northern Peruvian Amazon. Acta Trop. 2019;197: 104909.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MIS. 2019. Uganda National Malaria Indicator Survey, Kampala. Kampala, Uganda,

  • Kumari P, Sinha S, Gahtori R, Yadav CP, Pradhan MM, Rahi M, et al. Prevalence of asymptomatic malaria parasitemia in Odisha, India: a challenge to malaria elimination. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020;103:1510–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Talisuna AMN, Mundia CW, Otieno V, Mitto B, Amratia P, Snow RW, et al. An epidemiological profile of malaria and its control in Uganda. Kampala. NMCP, Uganda and INFORM Project, Kenya, 2013. http://www.inform-malaria.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Uganda-Epi-Report-060214.pdf

  • Kilama M, Smith DL, Hutchinson R, Kigozi R, Yeka A, Lavoy G, et al. Estimating the annual entomological inoculation rate for Plasmodium falciparum transmitted by Anopheles gambiae s.l. using three sampling methods in three sites in Uganda. Malar J. 2014;13:111.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Okello PE, Van Bortel W, Byaruhanga AM, Correwyn A, Roelants P, Talisuna A, et al. Variation in malaria transmission intensity in seven sites throughout Uganda. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2006;75:219–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • NMCP. Uganda Malaria Programme Review (MPR) Report. Kampala. Uganda, 2020.

  • Björkman A, Morris U. Why asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections are common in low-transmission settings. Trends Parasitol. 2020;36:898–905.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nankabirwa JI, Arinaitwe E, Rek J, Kilama M, Kizza T, Staedke SG, et al. Malaria transmission, infection, and disease following sustained indoor residual spraying of insecticide in Tororo. Uganda Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020;103:1525–33.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kigozi SP, Kigozi RN, Epstein A, Mpimbaza A, Sserwanga A, Yeka A, et al. Rapid shifts in the age-specific burden of malaria following successful control interventions in four regions of Uganda. Malar J. 2020;19:128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WHO. Malaria microscopy quality assurance manual. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maziarz M, Nabalende H, Otim I, Legason ID, Kinyera T, Ogwang MD, et al. A cross-sectional study of asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infection burden and risk factors in general population children in 12 villages in northern Uganda. Malar J. 2018;17:240.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Talisuna AO. An epidemiological profile of malaria and its control in Uganda. 2013.

  • Asua V, Tukwasibwe S, Conrad M, Walakira A, Nankabirwa JI, Mugenyi L, et al. Plasmodium species infecting children presenting with malaria in Uganda. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017;97:753–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hayuma PM, Wang CW, Liheluka E, Baraka V, Madebe RA, Minja DTR, et al. Prevalence of asymptomatic malaria, submicroscopic parasitaemia and anaemia in Korogwe District, north-eastern Tanzania. Malar J. 2021;20:424.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mensah BA, Myers-Hansen JL, Obeng Amoako E, Opoku M, Abuaku BK, Ghansah A. Prevalence and risk factors associated with asymptomatic malaria among school children: repeated cross-sectional surveys of school children in two ecological zones in Ghana. BMC Public Health. 2021;21:1697.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Worku L, Damtie D, Endris M, Getie S, Aemero M. Asymptomatic malaria and associated risk factors among school children in Sanja Town Northwest Ethiopia. Int Scholar Res Notices. 2014;2014: 303269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao Y, Zeng J, Zhao Y, Liu Q, He Y, Zhang J, et al. Risk factors for asymptomatic malaria infections from seasonal cross-sectional surveys along the China-Myanmar border. Malar J. 2018;17:247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fogang B, Biabi MF, Megnekou R, Maloba FM, Essangui E, Donkeu C, et al. High prevalence of asymptomatic malarial anemia and association with early conversion from asymptomatic to symptomatic infection in a Plasmodium falciparum hyperendemic setting in Cameroon. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2022;106:293–302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heinemann M, Phillips RO, Vinnemeier CD, Rolling CC, Tannich E, Rolling T. High prevalence of asymptomatic malaria infections in adults, Ashanti Region, Ghana, 2018. Malar J. 2020;19:366.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nankabirwa J, Wandera B, Kiwanuka N, Staedke SG, Kamya MR, Brooker SJ. Asymptomatic Plasmodium infection and cognition among primary schoolchildren in a high malaria transmission setting in Uganda. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013;88:1102–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lindblade KA, Steinhardt L, Samuels A, Kachur SP, Slutsker L. The silent threat: asymptomatic parasitemia and malaria transmission. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2013;11:623–39.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maziarz M, Kinyera T, Otim I, Kagwa P, Nabalende H, Legason ID, et al. Age and geographic patterns of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in a representative sample of children living in Burkitt lymphoma-endemic areas of northern Uganda. Malar J. 2017;16:124.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Agaba BB, Anderson K, Gresty K, Prosser C, Smith D, Nankabirwa JI, et al. Molecular surveillance reveals the presence of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletions in Plasmodium falciparum parasite populations in Uganda, 2017–2019. Malar J. 2020;19:300.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WHO. Guidelines for treatment of malaria. 3rd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  • Njama-Meya D, Kamya MR, Dorsey G. Asymptomatic parasitaemia as a risk factor for symptomatic malaria in a cohort of Ugandan children. Trop Med Int Health. 2004;9:862–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Padilla-Rodríguez JC, Olivera MJ, Guevara-García BD. Parasite density in severe malaria in Colombia. PLoS ONE. 2020;15: e0235119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bosco AB, Nankabirwa JI, Yeka A, Nsobya S, Gresty K, Anderson K, et al. Limitations of rapid diagnostic tests in malaria surveys in areas with varied transmission intensity in Uganda 2017–2019: implications for selection and use of HRP2 RDTs. PLoS ONE. 2021;15: e0244457.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartley M-A, Hofmann N, Keitel K, Kagoro F, Antunes Moniz C, Mlaganile T, et al. Clinical relevance of low-density Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia in untreated febrile children: a cohort study. PLoS Med. 2020;17: e1003318.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nankabirwa JI, Yeka A, Arinaitwe E, Kigozi R, Drakeley C, Kamya MR, et al. Estimating malaria parasite prevalence from community surveys in Uganda: a comparison of microscopy, rapid diagnostic tests and polymerase chain reaction. Malar J. 2015;14:528.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kavunga-Membo H, Ilombe G, Masumu J, Matangila J, Imponge J, Manzambi E, et al. Molecular identification of Plasmodium species in symptomatic children of democratic republic of Congo. Malar J. 2018;17:334.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sitali L, Miller JM, Mwenda MC, Bridges DJ, Hawela MB, Hamainza B, et al. Distribution of Plasmodium species and assessment of performance of diagnostic tools used during a malaria survey in Southern and Western Provinces of Zambia. Malar J. 2019;18:130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WHO. World malaria report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019.

    Google Scholar 

  • Subussa BW, Eshetu T, Degefa T, Ali MM. Asymptomatic Plasmodium infection and associated factors among pregnant women in the Merti district, Oromia. Ethiopia PLoS ONE. 2021;16: e0248074.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • NMCP. Uganda nationla Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS). Kampala, Uganda, 2009.

  • Nyamu GW, Kihara JH, Oyugi EO, Omballa V, El-Busaidy H, Jeza VT. Prevalence and risk factors associated with asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infection and anemia among pregnant women at the first antenatal care visit: a hospital based cross-sectional study in Kwale County. Kenya PLoS ONE. 2020;15: e0239578.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • WHO. False-negative RDT results and implications of new P. falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletions. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cheng Q, Gatton ML, Barnwell J, Chiodini P, McCarthy J, Bell D, et al. Plasmodium falciparum parasites lacking histidine-rich protein 2 and 3: a review and recommendations for accurate reporting. Malar J. 2014;13:283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Agaba BB, Yeka A, Nsobya S, Arinaitwe E, Nankabirwa J, Opigo J, et al. Systematic review of the status of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletion, approaches and methods used for its estimation and reporting in Plasmodium falciparum populations in Africa: review of published studies 2010–2019. Malar J. 2019;18:355.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grandesso F, Nabasumba C, Nyehangane D, Page A-L, Bastard M, De Smet M, et al. Performance and time to become negative after treatment of three malaria rapid diagnostic tests in low and high malaria transmission settings. Malar J. 2016;15:496.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kozycki CT, Umulisa N, Rulisa S, Mwikarago EI, Musabyimana JP, Habimana JP, et al. False-negative malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Rwanda: impact of Plasmodium falciparum isolates lacking hrp2 and declining malaria transmission. Malar J. 2017;16:123.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koita OA, Doumbo OK, Ouattara A, Tall LK, Konare A, Diakite M, et al. False-negative rapid diagnostic tests for malaria and deletion of the histidine-rich repeat region of the hrp2 gene. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012;86:194–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kweka EJ, Lowassa A, Msangi S, Kimaro EE, Lyatuu EE, Mwang'onde BJ, et al. Low sensitivity of ParaHIT-f rapid malaria test among patients with fever in rural health centers. Northern Tanzania J Infect Dev Ctries. 2011;5:204–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chong CK, Cho PY, Na BK, Ahn SK, Kim JS, Lee JS, et al. Evaluation of the accuracy of the EasyTest malaria Pf/Pan Ag, a rapid diagnostic test, in Uganda. Korean J Parasitol. 2014;52:501–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maltha J, Guiraud I, Lompo P, Kaboré B, Gillet P, Van Geet C, et al. Accuracy of PfHRP2 versus Pf-pLDH antigen detection by malaria rapid diagnostic tests in hospitalized children in a seasonal hyperendemic malaria transmission area in Burkina Faso. Malar J. 2014;13:20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hopkins H, Bebell L, Kambale W, Dokomajilar C, Rosenthal PJ, Dorsey G. Rapid diagnostic tests for malaria at sites of varying transmission intensity in Uganda. J Infect Dis. 2008;197:510–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hopkins H, González IJ, Polley SD, Angutoko P, Ategeka J, Asiimwe C, et al. New loop-mediated isothermal amplification kit in a remote clinic in Uganda. J Infect Dis. 2013;208:645–52.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed R, Levy EI, Maratina SS, de Jong JJ, Asih PB, Rozi IE, et al. Performance of four HRP-2/pLDH combination rapid diagnostic tests and field microscopy as screening tests for malaria in pregnancy in Indonesia: a cross-sectional study. Malar J. 2015;14:420.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iwuafor A, Ita O, Ogban G, Udoh U, Amajor C. Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of rapid diagnostic test for malaria diagnosis among febrile children in Calabar. Nigeria Nigerian Med J. 2018;59:64–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mbabazi P, Hopkins H, Osilo E, Kalungu M, Byakika-Kibwika P, Kamya MR. Accuracy of two malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTS) for initial diagnosis and treatment monitoring in a high transmission setting in Uganda. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015;92:530–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mwesigwa J, Slater H, Bradley J, Saidy B, Ceesay F, Whittaker C, et al. Field performance of the malaria highly sensitive rapid diagnostic test in a setting of varying malaria transmission. Malar J. 2019;18:288.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bharti PK, Chandel HS, Ahmad A, Krishna S, Udhayakumar V, Singh N. Prevalence of pfhrp2 and/or pfhrp3 gene deletion in Plasmodium falciparum population in eight highly endemic states in India. PLoS ONE. 2016;11: e0157949.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WHO. Malaria rapid diagnostic test performance: summary results of WHO product testing of malaria RDTs. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker J, McCarthy J, Gatton M, Kyle DE, Belizario V, Luchavez J, et al. Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) and its effect on the performance of PfHRP2-based rapid diagnostic tests. J Infect Dis. 2005;192:870–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baker J, Ho MF, Pelecanos A, Gatton M, Chen N, Abdullah S, et al. Global sequence variation in the histidine-rich proteins 2 and 3 of Plasmodium falciparum: implications for the performance of malaria rapid diagnostic tests. Malar J. 2010;9:129.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Agaba BB, Anderson K, Gresty K, Prosser C, Smith D, Nankabirwa JI, et al. Genetic diversity and genetic relatedness in Plasmodium falciparum parasite population in individuals with uncomplicated malaria based on microsatellite typing in Eastern and Western regions of Uganda, 2019–2020. Malar J. 2021;20:242.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WHO. Methods manual for product testingof malaria rapid diagnostic test. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham J, Jones S, Gatton ML, Barnwell JW, Cheng Q, Chiodini PL, et al. A review of the WHO malaria rapid diagnostic test product testing programme (2008–2018): performance, procurement and policy. Malar J. 2019;18:387.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Adblock test (Why?)

    Comments

    Popular posts from this blog